A control strategy for improved efficiency in direct-coupled photovoltaic systems through load management

Joseph A. Azzolini and Meng Tao

Applied Energy, 2018, vol. 231, issue C, 926-936

Abstract: Nearly all photovoltaic (PV) systems involve power management and/or conversion devices. Each of these devices introduces a power loss and has an associated monetary cost. In this paper, a direct-coupled load-managing PV system is proposed that promises both a lower cost and a higher efficiency than conventional systems. Against the prevailing wisdom that the PV power must be managed, the proposed system varies the power demand of the loads by controlling the number of loads connected to the PV array to extract the maximum available power throughout a day without a conventional maximum power point tracker. This system can also regulate its operating voltage to less than ±3% of its target voltage without a DC/DC converter. The proposed control strategy can be applied to many direct-coupled PV systems for improved efficiency. A simulation program was developed for the load-managing system that can simulate its performance with a PV array of any size and any number of loads. The theoretical system efficiency was found to increase with the number of loads being managed and reaches above 99% for a direct-coupled system with just eight ohmic loads. Experimentally, a prototype system with equal and unequal ohmic loads was demonstrated in an outdoor environment that responds to changes in solar irradiance. The control strategy also allows direct-coupled PV systems to be backed up by a secondary power source, e.g. the electric grid, to eliminate their intermittency for applications such as electric vehicle charging. The cost of the control electronics for the load-managing system is less than 1% of the commercial-scale PV system cost. Several challenges in implementing and optimizing the proposed system are discussed.

Keywords: Photovoltaic system; Load management; Load matching; Direct-coupled system; Maximum power point tracking; Levelized cost of electricity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261918315162
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:appene:v:231:y:2018:i:c:p:926-936

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/bibliographic
http://www.elsevier. ... 405891/bibliographic

DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.09.198

Access Statistics for this article

Applied Energy is currently edited by J. Yan

More articles in Applied Energy from Elsevier
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Catherine Liu ().