How to minimize voltage and fill factor losses to achieve over 20% efficiency lead chalcogenide quantum dot solar cells: Strategies expected through numerical simulation

Dandan Wang, Yusheng Li, Yongge Yang, Shuzi Hayase, Haifeng Wu, Ruixiang Wang, Chao Ding and Qing Shen

Applied Energy, 2023, vol. 341, issue C, No S0306261923004889

Abstract: Lead chalcogenide colloidal quantum dot solar cells (CQDSCs) have the potential to revolutionize the field of light-to-electricity conversion with their exceptional optoelectronic properties. Unfortunately, realizing their full potential has been hindered by persistent and poorly understood limitations in fill factor (FF) and open-circuit voltage (Voc) losses. In this study, we performed a systematic numerical analysis of practical PbS CQDSCs to identify the root causes of FF and Voc losses in the current development stage, and to provide a clear and feasible roadmap for achieving a PCE of more than 20% in future development stages. Our analysis revealed that the highly effective route for enhancing the current 10% device is to initially modify the internal resistances, resulting in a significant reduction in FF losses to 15%, followed by systematic optimization of surface recombination velocities in the absorber layer and the absorber/hole transfer layer (HTL) interface, which can generate a Voc improvement of 3.76%, ultimately leading to a near-15% PCE. To further elevate PCE to unprecedented heights, we identified the precise regulation of surface excess charge densities at the absorber/HTL interface and the HTL/back contact interface as critical factors. By finely tuning these performance-limiting factors, we demonstrated the feasibility of achieving over 20% PCE, with minimal Voc loss of 318.10 mV and almost negligible FF loss of 6.08% in PbS CQDSCs. Our investigation provides crucial insights into the causes of FF and Voc losses in PbS CQDSCs and offers a clear pathway for future progress in this rapidly evolving field.

Keywords: Lead chalcogenide colloidal quantum dot solar cells; Non-radiative recombination; Internal resistances; Open-circuit voltage; Fill factor (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121124

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