New member of micro power sources for extreme environmental explorations: X-ray-voltaic batteries

Yingying Zhao, Chen Zhao, Haibin Li, Jiwei Ren, Shuxing Zhou and Yiying Zhao

Applied Energy, 2024, vol. 353, issue PB, No S0306261923014678

Abstract: It has been a long-term challenge for radiation-voltaics to meet the power requirements of the fast-developed exploration activities in extreme environments such as deep sea, polar regions, and outer space. In this work, we demonstrated novel X-ray radiation-voltaic (X-ray-voltaic) batteries adopting SiC conversion units, which could improve the output power up to 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of state-of-the-art betavoltaics. A comprehensive model integrating the radioactive sources and semiconductor units was built to guide the design of X-ray voltaics. SiC devices with the optimal structure were fabricated and confirmed experimentally the accuracy of the device model. According to the model, the SiC X-ray-voltaics with 55Fe radioactive sources can achieve a highest output power of 19.10 μW/cm2 and a highest power efficiency (ηtotal) of 7.71%. The unique advantages of SiC X-ray-voltaic batteries including the excellent irradiation hardness, the superlong lifetime, and the outstanding prospects as power sources were discussed in details. This work reveals the promising potentials of the X-ray-voltaics for extreme environmental explorations and will inspire the further development of the high-performance isotope batteries.

Keywords: X-ray-voltaic battery; SiC energy conversion unit; High output power; Energy conversion efficiency (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122103

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