Investigating the two-way relationship between mobility flows and COVID-19 cases

David Boto-García

Economic Modelling, 2023, vol. 118, issue C

Abstract: Following a pandemic disease outbreak, people travel to areas with low infection risk, but at the same time the epidemiological situation worsens as mobility flows to those areas increase. These feedback effects from epidemiological conditions to inflows and from inflows to subsequent infections are underexplored to date. This study investigates the two-way relationship between mobility flows and COVID-19 cases in a context of unrestricted mobility without COVID-19 vaccines. To this end, we merge data on COVID-19 cases in Spain during the summer of 2020 at the province level with mobility records based on mobile position tracking. Using a control function approach, we find that a 1% increase in arrivals translates into a 3.5% increase in cases in the following week and 5.6% ten days later. A simulation exercise shows the cases would have dropped by around 64% if the Second State of Alarm had been implemented earlier.

Keywords: COVID-19; Mobility flows; Infectious cases; Smartphone location (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C33 I10 I18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:ecmode:v:118:y:2023:i:c:s0264999322003200

DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2022.106083

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