The Impact on Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Geographic Shifts in Global Supply Chains
Xuemei Jiang and
Christopher Green
Ecological Economics, 2017, vol. 139, issue C, 102-114
Abstract:
During the past two decades there has been a shift in the geography of Global Supply Chains (GSCs) from developed countries to China, and more recently from China to successor developing countries in South Asia, Africa and Latin America. The shift in GSC geography influences global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions because of an energy efficiency and low-carbon technology gap between developed and developing economies. Our simulations indicate that changing GSC geography toward China positively contributed, on average (2001–2008), 919 Mt CO2 equivalents to global GHG emissions annually. In addition, there are potentially even larger indirect effects, including import-related and transportation-related emissions that are attributable to GSC shift-related improvements in developing world consumption and infrastructure. We then investigate the emission impact of a further GSCs shift toward South Asia, Africa and Latin America. Although the direct impact of such a shift is likely negative due to a lower dependency on coal as well as lower carbon intensities in South Asia, Africa and Latin America relative to China, it is likely that the direct effects are more than offset by the indirect shift-related effects associated with improvements in consumption and infrastructure. Our results have policy implications for future climate change mitigation.
Keywords: Geographical shifts; Global supply chains, Greenhouse gas emissions; China (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C67 F18 O13 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (20)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:ecolec:v:139:y:2017:i:c:p:102-114
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.04.027
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