Dairy products and physical stature: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials

Hans de Beer

Economics & Human Biology, 2012, vol. 10, issue 3, 299-309

Abstract: The positive relationship between per capita availability of dairy products and average height found in historical studies (for instance in nineteenth century Bavaria, Prussia and France; Baten, 2009) does not necessarily indicate a causal relationship. Historical studies usually apply non-experimental methods that may produce substantial bias. Modern experimental controlled studies may provide high quality evidence supporting a causal relationship between consumption of dairy products and physical growth. This paper provides a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials investigating the effect of supplementing usual diet with dairy products on physical growth. Twelve studies provided sufficient, independent data for meta-analysis. Seven studies were conducted since the 1990s. The other studies were conducted between 1926 and 1980. Studies were conducted in Europe, USA, China, Northern Vietnam, Kenya, Indonesia and India. Many studies had some internal validity problems such as lack of randomisation or dissimilarity of groups at baseline regarding height and age, which affects the quality of evidence.

Keywords: Growth; Body height; Physical stature; Milk; Dairy products; Nutrition; Controlled trials; Systematic review; Meta-analysis; History; Biological standard of living (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (22)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:ehbiol:v:10:y:2012:i:3:p:299-309

DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2011.08.003

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