Optimal coordination strategy for multiple distributed energy systems considering supply, demand, and price uncertainties

Longxi Li, Xilin Cao and Peng Wang

Energy, 2021, vol. 227, issue C

Abstract: Facing a significant increase in connected distributed energy systems, the optimal coordination strategy among multiple distributed energy systems is vitally important to explore. In this paper, an energy management system is introduced and operated by an energy service company, which is responsible for managing the interaction of multiple distributed energy systems. To optimize the day-ahead scheduling of the distributed energy systems, a coordination scheme with a bilevel framework is proposed. The energy interaction between the energy management system and distributed energy systems contains electricity and heat, which is a Stackelberg problem. Two types of internal price schemes, namely, real-time pricing and time-of-use pricing, are discussed. Moreover, the uncertainties of renewable energy resources, energy demand, and energy prices are considered within both upper- and lower-level problems. The problem is formulated as a nonlinear bilevel robust optimization model and transformed into a single-level mixed-integer linear problem. Numerical cases illustrate how the energy management system coordinates with distributed energy systems and show the effectiveness of the coordination strategy such that all participators benefit from the proposed strategy and create a win-win situation. The model and results can serve as references for the business managers of companies that provide energy services for building clusters.

Keywords: Coordination strategy; Energy trading prices; Robust bilevel programming; Energy management system; Distributed energy systems (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (11)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:227:y:2021:i:c:s036054422100709x

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120460

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