Power losses in natural gas and hydrogen transmission in the Portuguese high-pressure network

Inês Silvestre, Ricardo Pastor and Rui Costa Neto

Energy, 2023, vol. 272, issue C

Abstract: Nowadays, along with climate emergency, energy shortage is a challenge being faced worldwide. Energy savings play an essential role, for example, by improving energy efficiencies. Transporting natural gas inside pipelines has associated power losses. In this context, this work focuses on developing a computational tool representing the Portuguese high-pressure gas network supplying Portuguese industry. This tool computes the mass flow rate required by each industry and the power losses associated with its supply. Several scenarios are defined and supplying the Portuguese industry from Sines has a power loss of 4.21%. The exportation to Spain has fewer power losses when divided through Campo Maior and Valença do Minho. Filling Carriço Underground Storage has higher power losses associated, but it is advantageous to use the gas stored to later supply the industry. Power losses increase when hydrogen is added to the mixture, and a linear correlation with a slope of 0.1295 is obtained for 0 – 20% of hydrogen in volume. An economic assessment is conducted for producing hydrogen, and Levelised Cost of Hydrogen, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, and Payback Period are 4.99 €/kg, 242.79 M€, 21%, and 5 years, respectively. The Net Present Value is positive for all scenarios, being most sensitive to hydrogen selling and electricity prices. The economic impact on the industry is highly sensitive to the prices considered.

Keywords: Power loss; Pipeline; Natural gas; Hydrogen; Portuguese natural gas transmission network; Economic assessment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:272:y:2023:i:c:s0360544223005303

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.127136

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