Hydrothermal carbonization of olive oil industry waste into solid fuel: Fuel characteristics and combustion performance

Gizem Balmuk, Hakan Cay, Gozde Duman, Ismail Cem Kantarli and Jale Yanik

Energy, 2023, vol. 278, issue C

Abstract: A low-cost treatment of wet wastes generated by olive oil industry still remains a challenge for the industrial scale applications. In the concept of waste-to-energy, the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is suggested as a low-cost valorization way for the wet wastes. In this study, the HTC process was used to obtain clean solid fuel from the wet waste of the two-phase olive mill system. Variation of the fuel properties and combustion performance of obtained solid fuel, hydrochar, with process conditions (temperature and duration) was investigated by carrying out proximate analysis, elemental analysis and thermal analysis. The lignite-like hydrochars having calorific value of 28.4–33.9 MJ/kg were obtained at the temperatures higher than 200 °C. The combustibility index (S) revealed that all obtained hydrochars were suitable solid fuels having reasonable combustion performance and short combustion time. Alkali index values of hydrochars predicted that their combustion in a boiler would be safe. The calculated net energy generation of process was found as 10.2–14.1 MJ/kg dry biomass.

Keywords: Two-phase olive-mill waste; Hydrothermal carbonization; Combustion; Alkali index; Energy balance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:energy:v:278:y:2023:i:c:s0360544223011970

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.127803

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