Individual characteristics and the demand for reciprocity in trade liberalization: Evidence from a survey in Japan

Eiichi Tomiura, Banri Ito, Hiroshi Mukunoki and Ryuhei Wakasugi ()

Japan and the World Economy, 2021, vol. 58, issue C

Abstract: Reciprocity is an important concept in international trade negotiations. However, we know little about who demands reciprocity in trade liberalization. This paper characterizes reciprocitarians based on a survey of 10,816 individuals in Japan. Workers in protected sectors tend to demand reciprocity in import liberalization, but oppose the demand for foreign countries to open their markets. In contrast, individuals in managerial occupations tend to demand foreign market opening, but reject the idea of no import liberalization without reciprocity. We also examine the effects of education, nationalism, and risk aversion.

Keywords: Policy preference; Trade policy; Reciprocity; Survey data (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F13 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:japwor:v:58:y:2021:i:c:s0922142521000189

DOI: 10.1016/j.japwor.2021.101071

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