Accounting for R&D on the income statement? Evidence on non-discretionary vs. discretionary R&D capitalization under IFRS in Germany

Tami Dinh and Wolfgang Schultze

Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 2022, vol. 46, issue C

Abstract: This paper compares the informativeness of discretionary research and development (R&D) capitalization under IAS 38 with non-discretionary “as-if” R&D capitalization. While prior research consistently demonstrated capital market benefits of “as-if” capitalization, prior evidence for reported R&D capitalization are less favorable due to earnings management concerns. Because “as-if” studies are based on adjusted data assuming R&D capitalization, the resulting numbers are free from such concerns and may be more informative. We find that reported capitalized R&D is not associated with lower information asymmetry but positively associated with forecast errors. While market values are not associated with reported capitalized R&D, they are strongly associated with “as-if” capitalized R&D. Also, actual capitalization of development expenditures under IAS 38 is only as value relevant as when expensing all R&D. Our results are consistent with the notion that market participants undo actual capitalization and use the information on expensed R&D to develop their own estimates of R&D value. Our findings lend support to the proposition by Barker and Penman (2020) that deficiencies of the balance sheet that result from the uncertainty inherent in expenditures such as R&D, should be supplemented by more detailed information on the nature of the related expenses in the income statement.

Keywords: Accruals; Capitalization; Research and development; IFRS; Germany (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jiaata:v:46:y:2022:i:c:s1061951822000015

DOI: 10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2022.100446

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