Optimization of direct transesterification of Chlorella pyrenoidosa catalyzed by waste egg shell based heterogenous nano – CaO catalyst

Shamshad Ahmad, Shalini Chaudhary, Vinayak V. Pathak, Richa Kothari and V.V. Tyagi

Renewable Energy, 2020, vol. 160, issue C, 86-97

Abstract: In present study, heterogeneous Nano-CaO catalyst was synthesized from waste egg shell (WES) and its potential was investigated for direct transesterification of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Catalyst was synthesized by calcination-hydration–dehydration (C–H-D) process and found to have crystalline structure with average size of 23.65 nm and 64.51 m2/g of surface area as confirmed by XRD and BET analysis. SEM-EDX analysis further confirmed that obtained Nano catalyst is mesoporous with average pore size of 9.28 nm. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied for optimization of direct transesterification by varying the catalyst dosage (%), reaction temperature (°C) and time (min). The maximum yield of FAME (93.44%) was obtained with combination of 2.06% wt/wt catalyst with 180 min of time and 60 °C temperature. Further, biodiesel was characterized for iodine value, cloud point, pour point, cetane number, higher heating value, acid value and density, which were about 204.14 gI2/100g,-4.5 °C, 5.4 °C, 32.29, 38.03 MJ/kg, 0.83 mgKOH/g, 0.85 g/cm3 respectively. The reusability and stability of Nano-CaO catalyst was found up to 6 cycles. Findings of this research study support that Nano-CaO catalyst derived from WES is a low cost and sustainable source of catalyst that can be effectively used for biodiesel production.

Keywords: Waste egg shell; Nano-CaO catalyst; Direct transestrification; Biodiesel; Reusability; Sustainable (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148120309046
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:160:y:2020:i:c:p:86-97

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.06.010

Access Statistics for this article

Renewable Energy is currently edited by Soteris A. Kalogirou and Paul Christodoulides

More articles in Renewable Energy from Elsevier
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Catherine Liu ().