Solar stills and evaporators for the treatment of agro-industrial liquid wastes: A review

Joel Nadal-Bach, Joan Carles Bruno, Joan Farnós and Miquel Rovira

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2021, vol. 142, issue C

Abstract: Treatment of wastewater in different industrial sectors is a growing great challenge for industry, local communities and governments. The objective of this paper is to review the current state of the art and commercially available solar evaporators for the treatment of agro-industry effluents in order to highlight the main technical barriers and solutions to improve its current implementation. The technology improvements are classified into the following groups: passive systems, active systems, modification of the waste characteristics and optimisation of the operation strategy. Passive systems increase the productivity from 10% to 104% improving the heat and mass transfer enhancing the energy efficiency. Active systems like Photovoltaics (PV) improve the productivity with extra heat addition like solar collectors or with energy addition like heat pumps. Active systems performance increase when combined with passive systems like pin fins and fibres that improve the heat transfer rates. A little note of similar commercial and research systems is presented.

Keywords: Solar energy; Liquid waste; Solar evaporation; Review (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.110825

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