The Making and Consolidation of the First National Trademark System: Diffusion of Trademarks across Spanish Regions (1850–1920)

Patricio Saiz and José Zofío

No 2060, Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) from Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography

Abstract: This article studies the creation and consolidation of a trademark system tantamount to market integration and commercial specialization of Spanish regions from 1850 to 1920. We analyze the first 47,000 registrations, their geographical distribution, and the drivers behind this trademark expansion. By using a lineal probability model, we find knowledge spillovers across regions are associated with their relative trademark specialization and diversification. We incorporate the role played by transport infrastructure by calculating generalized transport costs. Our results clarify the origins and evolution of geographical differences in commercial innovation and regional specialization in the first country to institute modern trademark legislation.

Keywords: Trademarks/Branding; Specialization/Diversification; Generalized Transport Costs; Regional History; Makets; Spain (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C25 N93 O34 R12 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020-12, Revised 2020-12
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-geo, nep-his, nep-tid and nep-ure
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:egu:wpaper:2060

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