A survey of gender gaps through the lens of the industry structure and local labor markets

Barbara Petrongolo and Maddalena Ronchi

LSE Research Online Documents on Economics from London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library

Abstract: In this paper we discuss some strands of the recent literature on the evolution of gender gaps and their driving forces. We will revisit key stylized facts about gender gaps in employment and wages in a few high-income countries. We then discuss and build on one gender-neutral force behind the rise in female employment, namely the rise of the service economy. This is also related to the polarization of female employment and to the geographic distribution of jobs, which is expected to be especially relevant for female employment prospects. We finally turn to currently debated causes of remaining gender gaps and discuss existing evidence on labor market consequences of women's heavier caring responsibilities in the household. In particular, we highlight how women's stronger distaste for commuting time may feed into gender pay gaps by making women more willing to trade off steeper wage gains for shorter commutes.

Keywords: gender gaps; industry structure; local labor markets (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: J16 J21 J31 J61 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 42 pages
Date: 2020-04
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http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/108438/ Open access version. (application/pdf)

Related works:
Working Paper: A survey of gender gaps through the lens of the industry structure and local labor markets (2020)
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