Trade Exposure and the Evolution of Inflation Dynamics

Simon Gilchrist and Egon Zakrajšek (egon.zakrajsek@bos.frb.org)

No 2019-007, Finance and Economics Discussion Series from Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)

Abstract: The diminished sensitivity of inflation to changes in resource utilization that has been observed in many advanced economies over the past several decades is frequently linked to the increase in global economic integration. In this paper, we examine this \"globalization\" hypothesis using both aggregate U.S. data on measures of inflation and economic slack and a rich panel data set containing producer prices, wages, output, and employment at a narrowly defined industry level. Our results indicate that the rising exposure of the U.S. economy to international trade can indeed help explain a significant fraction of the overall decline in responsiveness of aggregate inflation to fluctuations in economic activity. This flattening of the U.S. Phillips curve is supported strongly by our cross-sectional evidence, which shows that increased trade exposure significantly attenuates the response of inflation to fluctuations in output across industries. Our estimates indicate that the inflation-output tradeoff is about three times larger for low-trade intensity industries compared with their high-trade intensity counterparts.

Keywords: Inflation; Phillips curve; Trade share; Globalization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: E30 E31 E32 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 44 pages
Date: 2019-02
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-mac
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2019007pap.pdf (application/pdf)

Related works:
Chapter: Trade Exposure and the Evolution of Inflation Dynamics (2020)
Working Paper: Trade Exposure and the Evolution of Inflation Dynamics (2019)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:fip:fedgfe:2019-07

DOI: 10.17016/FEDS.2019.007

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