Determinants of Poverty in Mexico: A Quantile Regression Analysis

Jorge Garza-Rodriguez, Gustavo A. Ayala-Diaz, Gerardo G. Coronado-Saucedo, Eugenio G. Garza-Garza and Oscar Ovando-Martinez
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Gustavo A. Ayala-Diaz: Department of Economics, University of Monterrey, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 4500 Pte. Col. Jesús M. Garza, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León 66238, Mexico
Gerardo G. Coronado-Saucedo: Department of Economics, University of Monterrey, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 4500 Pte. Col. Jesús M. Garza, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León 66238, Mexico
Eugenio G. Garza-Garza: Department of Economics, University of Monterrey, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 4500 Pte. Col. Jesús M. Garza, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León 66238, Mexico
Oscar Ovando-Martinez: Department of Economics, University of Monterrey, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 4500 Pte. Col. Jesús M. Garza, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León 66238, Mexico

Economies, 2021, vol. 9, issue 2, 1-24

Abstract: Most studies on the determinants of poverty do not consider that the relative importance of each of these determinants can vary depending on the degree of poverty suffered by each group of poor people. For Mexico’s case, the studies carried out so far do not contemplate this approach, even though there is wide variation in the degree of poverty among the different groups of the poor. Investigating these differences is important to design better policies for fighting poverty, which consider how each variable that explains poverty affects each group of people who suffer from poverty differently. This article examines the determinants of poverty for Mexican households. Using data from the Mexican National Household Income and Expenditure Survey (ENIGH) 2018, the study estimates a probit model and a quantile regression model to examine the extent to which the determinants of poverty vary across the poverty spectrum. The results from the probit model indicate that households with more than one member, having a female head, or speaker of an indigenous language are more likely to be poor. The results obtained in the quantile regressions indicate that there are significant differences with the results of the simple ordinary least squares model, especially for households in extreme poverty but also for the other income categories analyzed for several of the explanatory variables used in the models. Households in the categories extremely poor and deeply poor are most affected if they are in the southern region or if the household head speaks an indigenous language or is an elderly person. It is observed that achieving a higher educational level is an effective way to increase income across the poverty spectrum.

Keywords: poverty determinants; poverty spectrum; quantile regression; probit; Mexico (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: E F I J O Q (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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