Bridging Tools to Better Understand Environmental Performances and Raw Materials Supply of Traction Batteries in the Future EU Fleet

Silvia Bobba, Isabella Bianco, Umberto Eynard, Samuel Carrara, Fabrice Mathieux and Gian Andrea Blengini
Additional contact information
Silvia Bobba: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
Isabella Bianco: Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
Umberto Eynard: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
Samuel Carrara: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 1755 LE Petten, The Netherlands
Fabrice Mathieux: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
Gian Andrea Blengini: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 10, 1-25

Abstract: Sustainable and smart mobility and associated energy systems are key to decarbonise the EU and develop a clean, resource efficient, circular and carbon-neutral future. To achieve the 2030 and 2050 targets, technological and societal changes are needed. This transition will inevitably change the composition of the future EU fleet, with an increasing share of electric vehicles (xEVs). To assess the potential contribution of lithium-ion traction batteries (LIBs) in decreasing the environmental burdens of EU mobility, several aspects should be included. Even though environmental assessments of batteries along their life-cycle have been already conducted using life-cycle assessment, a single tool does not likely provide a complete overview of such a complex system. Complementary information is provided by material flow analysis and criticality assessment, with emphasis on supply risk. Bridging complementary aspects can better support decision-making, especially when different strategies are simultaneously tackled. The results point out that the future life-cycle GWP of traction LIBs will likely improve, mainly due to more environmental-friendly energy mix and improved recycling. Even though second-use will postpone available materials for recycling, both these end-of-life strategies allow keeping the values of materials in the circular economy, with recycling also contributing to mitigate the supply risk of Lithium and Nickel.

Keywords: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); Material Flow Analysis (MFA); Criticality; traction batteries; forecast; supply (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (8)

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