Effects of Forces, Particle Sizes, and Moisture Contents on Mechanical Behaviour of Densified Briquettes from Ground Sunflower Stalks and Hazelnut Husks

Cimen Demirel, Gürkan Alp Kağan Gürdil, Abraham Kabutey and David Herak
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Cimen Demirel: Department of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
Gürkan Alp Kağan Gürdil: Department of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
Abraham Kabutey: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16521 Prague, Czech Republic
David Herak: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16521 Prague, Czech Republic

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 10, 1-19

Abstract: Using the uniaxial compression process, the mechanical behaviour of densified briquettes from ground sunflower stalks and hazelnut husks was studied under different forces (100, 200, 300, and 400 kN), particle sizes (0, 3, 6, and 10 mm), and moisture contents (sunflower; 11.23%, 14.44%, and 16.89% w.b.) and (hazelnut; 12.64%, 14.83%, and 17.34% w.b.) at a constant speed of 5 mm min −1 . For each test, the biomass material was compacted at a constant volume of 28.27 × 10 −5 m 3 using a 60 mm-diameter vessel. Determined parameters included densification energy (J), hardness (kN·mm −1 ), analytical densification energy (J), briquette volume (m 3 ), bulk density of materials (kg·m −3 ), briquette bulk density (kg·m −3 ), and briquette volume energy (J·m −3 ). The ANOVA multivariate tests of significance results showed that for ground sunflower stalk briquettes, the force and particle size interactions had no significant effect ( p > 0.05) on the above-mentioned parameters compared to the categorical factors, which had a significant effect ( p < 0.05) similar to the effects of forces, moisture contents, and their interactions. For ground hazelnut husk briquettes, all the factors and their interactions had a significant effect on the determined parameters. These biomass materials could be attractive for the briquette market.

Keywords: biomass densification; mechanical compaction; processing factors; briquette durability; multivariate tests of significance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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