A New Linear State Estimator for Fault Location in Distribution Systems Based on Backward-Forward Currents Sweep

Ednardo Rocha, Max Pimentel Filho, Melinda Cruz, Marcos Almeida and Manoel Medeiros Júnior
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Ednardo Rocha: Department of Engineering and Technology (DET), Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró/RN 59625-900, Brazil
Max Pimentel Filho: Department of Electrical Engineering (DEE), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN 59078-970, Brazil
Melinda Cruz: Department of Engineering and Technology (DET), Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró/RN 59625-900, Brazil
Marcos Almeida: Department of Electrical Engineering (DEE), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN 59078-970, Brazil
Manoel Medeiros Júnior: Department of Electrical Engineering (DEE), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN 59078-970, Brazil

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 11, 1-23

Abstract: This paper presents a new linear state estimation model based on a current summation load flow method for three-phase distribution systems. The developed estimator may be applied to both the supervision of distribution systems under normal operating conditions and the fault location in cases of low and high impedance faults. Our studies were conducted using a real distribution feeder. For fault location analysis, the system was modeled using the ATP (alternative transient program) in order to emulate measurements of voltages and currents at the substation, and voltage magnitudes registered by other meters during the fault. We used the MATLAB ™ software to process the algorithms. The main contributions that arose after integrating the current method into system supervision in case of network failures under normal operating conditions and the fault location are as follows: (i) estimation of system losses; (ii) modeling of loads in real time to consider their contributions in the fault location process; and (iii) low influence of fault resistance in the location algorithm. The results show that the proposed method has good precision, low computational processing time, and is promising for distribution system supervision with a reduced number of meters.

Keywords: state estimation; distribution systems; fault location (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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