Electrochemically Reduced Titania Nanotube Synthesized from Glycerol-Based Electrolyte as Supercapacitor Electrode

Muhammad Muhammad Muzakir, Zulkarnain Zainal, Hong Ngee Lim, Abdul Halim Abdullah, Noor Nazihah Bahrudin and Mahanim Sarif@Mohd Ali
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Muhammad Muhammad Muzakir: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
Zulkarnain Zainal: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
Hong Ngee Lim: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
Abdul Halim Abdullah: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
Noor Nazihah Bahrudin: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
Mahanim Sarif@Mohd Ali: Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 11, 1-15

Abstract: In this paper the synthesis of self-organized Titania nanotubes (TNTs) by a facile potentiostatic anodization in a glycerol-based electrolyte is reported. The optimized TNTs were subsequently reduced through a cathodic reduction process to enhance its capacitive performance. FESEM and XRD were used to characterize the morphology and crystal structure of the synthesized samples. XPS analysis confirmed the reduction of Ti 4+ to Ti 3+ ions in the reduced Titania nanotubes (R-TNTs). The tube diameter and separation between the tubes were greatly influenced by the applied voltage. TNTs synthesized at voltage of 30 V for 60 min exhibited 86 nm and 1.1 µm of tube diameter and length, respectively and showed high specific capacitance of 0.33 mF cm −2 at current density of 0.02 mA cm −2 . After reduction at 5 V for 30 s, the specific capacitance increased by about seven times (2.28 mF cm −2 ) at 0.5 mA cm −2 and recorded about 86% capacitance retention after 1000 continuous cycling at 0.2 mA cm −2 , as compared to TNTs, retained about 61% at 0.01 mA cm −2 . The charge transfer resistance drastically reduced from 6.2 Ω for TNTs to 0.55 Ω for R-TNTs, indicating an improvement in the transfer of electrons and ions across the electrode–electrolyte interface.

Keywords: anodization; titania nanotubes; glycerol; electrochemical capacitance; morphology; cathodic reduction (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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