A Case Study on Distributed Energy Resources and Energy-Storage Systems in a Virtual Power Plant Concept: Technical Aspects

Tomasz Sikorski, Michal Jasiński, Edyta Ropuszyńska-Surma, Magdalena Węglarz, Dominika Kaczorowska, Paweł Kostyla, Zbigniew Leonowicz, Robert Lis, Jacek Rezmer, Wilhelm Rojewski, Marian Sobierajski, Jarosław Szymańda, Daniel Bejmert, Przemysław Janik and Beata Solak
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Tomasz Sikorski: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Michal Jasiński: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Edyta Ropuszyńska-Surma: Faculty of Computer Science and Management, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Dominika Kaczorowska: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Paweł Kostyla: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Zbigniew Leonowicz: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Robert Lis: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Jacek Rezmer: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Wilhelm Rojewski: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Marian Sobierajski: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Jarosław Szymańda: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Daniel Bejmert: TAURON Ekoenergia Ltd., 58-500 Jelenia Góra, Poland
Przemysław Janik: TAURON Ekoenergia Ltd., 58-500 Jelenia Góra, Poland
Beata Solak: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 12, 1-30

Abstract: The article presents calculations and power flow of a real virtual power plant (VPP), containing a fragment of low and medium voltage distribution network. The VPP contains a hydropower plant (HPP), a photovoltaic system (PV) and energy storage system (ESS). The purpose of this article is to summarize the requirements for connection of generating units to the grid. Paper discusses the impact of the requirements on the maximum installed capacity of distributed energy resource (DER) systems and on the parameters of the energy storage unit. Firstly, a comprehensive review of VPP definitions, aims, as well as the characteristics of the investigated case study of the VPP project is presented. Then, requirements related to the regulation, protection and integration of DER and ESS with power systems are discussed. Finally, investigations related to influence of DER and ESS on power network condition are presented. One of the outcomes of the paper is the method of identifying the maximum power capacity of DER and ESS in accordance with technical network requirements. The applied method uses analytic calculations, as well as simulations using Matlab environment, combined with real measurement data. The obtained results allow the influence of the operating conditions of particular DER and ESS on power flow and voltage condition to be identified, the maximum power capacity of ESS intended for the planed VPP to be determined, as well as the influence of power control strategies implemented in a PV power plant on resources available for the planning and control of a VPP to be specified. Technical limitations of the DER and ESS are used as input conditions for the economic simulations presented in the accompanying paper, which is focused on investigations of economic efficiency.

Keywords: virtual power plant; distributed energy resources; energy storage systems; grid codes; power systems; smart grids; prosumer; business model; economic efficiency; sensitivity analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (14)

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