Environmental Sustainability of the Vehicle Fleet Change in Public City Transport of Selected City in Central Europe

Vladimír Konečný, Jozef Gnap, Tomáš Settey, František Petro, Tomáš Skrúcaný and Tomasz Figlus
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Vladimír Konečný: Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications, University of Žilina, SK-010-26 Žilina, Slovakia
Jozef Gnap: Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications, University of Žilina, SK-010-26 Žilina, Slovakia
Tomáš Settey: Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications, University of Žilina, SK-010-26 Žilina, Slovakia
František Petro: Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications, University of Žilina, SK-010-26 Žilina, Slovakia
Tomáš Skrúcaný: Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications, University of Žilina, SK-010-26 Žilina, Slovakia
Tomasz Figlus: Faculty of Transport, Silesian University of Technology, 40-019 Katowice, Poland

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 15, 1-23

Abstract: Diesel is the most used fuel for buses and other urban transport vehicles in European countries. This paper deals with impacts on emissions production from the operation of the urban public transport fleet after its renewal. To what extent can the renewal of the urban public transport fleet in the city of Žilina contribute to increasing environmental sustainability in the way of reducing air pollution? The vehicle fleet change has partially consisted of vehicle traction system transition-diesel buses were substituted by hybrid driven (HEV) and electric driven buses (BEV). How can the direct and indirect emissions from the operation of vehicles be calculated? These were the posed research questions. The research aimed to propose a methodology for the calculation of direct and indirect emissions. Indirect emissions values (WtT—Well-to-Tank) for different types of fuels and tractions were obtained based on regression functions. These WtT emission factors together with the existing TtW (Tank-to-Wheels) emission factors (direct emissions) can be used for the assessment of environmental impacts of specific types of vehicles concerning energy source, fuel, or powertrain and type of operation. Direct pollutants such as CO, NO x and PM were calculated with the use of simulation methodology of HBEFA (Handbook of Emission Factors for Road Transport) software. The calculated CO 2 savings for the period 2019–2023 about fleet renewal in absolute terms are EUR 1.3 million tons compared to the operation of the original fleet while maintaining the same driving performance. The renewal of the vehicle fleet secured by vehicle traction transition can be a way to reduce the energy intensity and environmental impacts of public transport in Žilina.

Keywords: public transport; vehicle fleet change; vehicle traction transition; electric vehicles; direct and indirect emissions; environmental sustainability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (11)

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