Hybrid Fuel Cell—Supercritical CO 2 Brayton Cycle for CO 2 Sequestration-Ready Combined Heat and Power

Rhushikesh Ghotkar, Ellen B. Stechel, Ivan Ermanoski and Ryan J. Milcarek
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Rhushikesh Ghotkar: School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-6106, USA
Ellen B. Stechel: ASU LightWorks ® and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5402, USA
Ivan Ermanoski: ASU LightWorks ® and School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5402, USA
Ryan J. Milcarek: School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-6106, USA

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 19, 1-20

Abstract: The low prices and its relatively low carbon intensity of natural gas have encouraged the coal replacement with natural gas power generation. Such a replacement reduces greenhouse gases and other emissions. To address the significant energy penalty of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) sequestration in gas turbine systems, a novel high efficiency concept is proposed and analyzed, which integrates a flame-assisted fuel cell (FFC) with a supercritical CO 2 (sCO 2 ) Brayton cycle air separation. The air separation enables the exhaust from the system to be CO 2 sequestration-ready. The FFC provides the heat required for the sCO 2 cycle. Heat rejected from the sCO 2 cycle provides the heat required for adsorption-desorption pumping to isolate oxygen via air separation. The maximum electrical efficiency of the FFC sCO 2 turbine hybrid (FFCTH) without being CO 2 sequestration-ready is 60%, with the maximum penalty being 0.68% at a fuel-rich equivalence ratio (Φ) of 2.8, where Φ is proportional to fuel-air ratio. This electrical efficiency is higher than the standard sCO 2 cycle by 6.85%. The maximum power-to-heat ratio of the sequestration-ready FFCTH is 233 at a Φ = 2.8. Even after including the air separation penalty, the electrical efficiency is higher than in previous studies.

Keywords: supercritical CO 2; combined heat and power; flame-assisted fuel cells; carbon sequestration; solid oxide fuel cell (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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