A Review of Lithium-Ion Battery Fire Suppression

Mohammadmahdi Ghiji, Vasily Novozhilov, Khalid Moinuddin, Paul Joseph, Ian Burch, Brigitta Suendermann and Grant Gamble
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Mohammadmahdi Ghiji: Institute of Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
Vasily Novozhilov: Institute of Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
Khalid Moinuddin: Institute of Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
Paul Joseph: Institute of Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
Ian Burch: Maritime Division, Defence Science & Technology Group, Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia
Brigitta Suendermann: Maritime Division, Defence Science & Technology Group, Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia
Grant Gamble: Maritime Division, Defence Science & Technology Group, Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 19, 1-30

Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are a proven technology for energy storage systems, mobile electronics, power tools, aerospace, automotive and maritime applications. LiBs have attracted interest from academia and industry due to their high power and energy densities compared to other battery technologies. Despite the extensive usage of LiBs, there is a substantial fire risk associated with their use which is a concern, especially when utilised in electric vehicles, aeroplanes, and submarines. This review presents LiB hazards, techniques for mitigating risks, the suppression of LiB fires and identification of shortcomings for future improvement. Water is identified as an efficient cooling and suppressing agent and water mist is considered the most promising technique to extinguish LiB fires. In the initial stages, the present review covers some relevant information regarding the material constitution and configuration of the cell assemblies, and phenomenological evolution of the thermal runaway reactions, which in turn can potentially lead to flaming combustion of cells and battery assemblies. This is followed by short descriptions of various active fire control agents to suppress fires involving LiBs in general, and water as a superior extinguishing medium in particular. In the latter parts of the review, the phenomena associated with water mist suppression of LiB fires are comprehensively reviewed.

Keywords: lithium-ion battery; thermal runaway; fire suppression; water mist (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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