Optimal Sizing of On-Board Energy Storage Systems and Stationary Charging Infrastructures for a Catenary-Free Tram

Ying Yang, Weige Zhang, Shaoyuan Wei and Zhenpo Wang
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Ying Yang: CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412001, China
Weige Zhang: School of Electrical Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
Shaoyuan Wei: School of Electrical Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
Zhenpo Wang: National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 23, 1-21

Abstract: This paper introduces an optimal sizing method for a catenary-free tram, in which both on-board energy storage systems and charging infrastructures are considered. To quantitatively analyze the trade-off between available charging time and economic operation, a daily cost function containing a whole life-time cost of energy storage and an expense of energy supplies is formulated for the optimal sizing problem. A mixed particle swarm optimization algorithm is utilized to find optimal solutions for three schemes: (1) ultracapacitors storage systems with fast-charging at each station; (2) battery storage systems with slow-charging at starting and final stations; (3) battery storage systems with fast-swapping at swapping station. A case study on an existing catenary-free tramline in China is applied to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show that a daily-cost reduction over 30% and a weight reduction over 40% can be achieved by scheme 2, and a cost saving of 34.23% and a weight reduction of 32.46% can be obtained by scheme 3.

Keywords: catenary-free tram; on-board energy storage system; charging infrastructure; optimal sizing; economic operation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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