Smart Water Technology for Efficient Water Resource Management: A Review

Aditya Dinesh Gupta, Prerna Pandey, Andrés Feijóo, Zaher Mundher Yaseen and Neeraj Dhanraj Bokde
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Aditya Dinesh Gupta: Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, College of Engineering Pune, Pune 411005, India
Prerna Pandey: Department of Civil Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, India
Andrés Feijóo: Departamento de Enxeñería Eléctrica-Universidade de Vigo, Campus de Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
Zaher Mundher Yaseen: Sustainable Developments in Civil Engineering Research Group Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 758307, Vietnam
Neeraj Dhanraj Bokde: Department of Engineering—Renewable Energy and Thermodynamics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 23, 1-23

Abstract: According to the United Nation’s World Water Development Report, by 2050 more than 50% of the world’s population will be under high water scarcity. To avoid water stress, water resources are needed to be managed more securely. Smart water technology (SWT) has evolved for proper management and saving of water resources. Smart water system (SWS) uses sensor, information, and communication technology (ICT) to provide real-time monitoring of data such as pressure, water ow, water quality, moisture, etc. with the capability to detect any abnormalities such as non-revenue water (NRW) losses, water contamination in the water distribution system (WDS). It makes water and energy utilization more efficient in the water treatment plant and agriculture. In addition, the standardization of data format i.e., use of Water Mark UP language 2.0 has made data exchange easier for between different water authorities. This review research exhibits the current state-of-the-art of the on-going SWT along with present challenges and future scope on the mentioned technologies. A conclusion is drawn that smart technologies can lead to better water resource management, which can lead to the reduction of water scarcity worldwide. High implementation cost may act as a barrier to the implementation of SWT in developing countries, whereas data security and its reliability along with system ability to give accurate results are some of the key challenges in its field implementation.

Keywords: smart water system; smart irrigation; water resource management; leakage detection; water ML 2.0; water body monitoring (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (8)

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