Improving Accessible Capacity Tracking at Low Ambient Temperatures for Range Estimation of Battery Electric Vehicles

Yashraj Tripathy, Andrew McGordon and Anup Barai
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Yashraj Tripathy: Energy Innovation Centre (EIC), WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
Andrew McGordon: Energy Innovation Centre (EIC), WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
Anup Barai: Energy Innovation Centre (EIC), WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 8, 1-18

Abstract: Today’s market leading electric vehicles, driven on typical UK motorways, have real-world range estimation inaccuracy of up to 27%, at around 10 °C outside temperature. The inaccuracy worsens for city driving or lower outside temperature. The reliability of range estimation largely depends on the accuracy of the battery’s underlying state estimators, e.g., state-of-charge and state-of-energy. This is affected by accuracy of the models embedded in the battery management system. The performance of these models fundamentally depends on experimentally obtained parameterisation and validation data. These experiments are mostly performed within thermal chambers, which maintain pre-set temperatures using forced air convection. Although these setups claim to maintain isothermal test conditions, they rarely do so. In this paper, we show that this is potentially the root-cause for deterioration of range estimation at low temperatures. This is because, while such setups produce results comparable to isothermal conditions at higher temperatures (25 °C), they fail to achieve isothermal conditions at sub-zero temperatures. Employing an immersed oil-cooled experimental setup, which can create close-to isothermal conditions, we show battery state estimation can be improved by reducing error from 49.3% to 11.7% at −15 °C. These findings provide a way forward towards improving range estimation in cold weather conditions.

Keywords: electric vehicle; low temperature; range anxiety; model parameterisation; isothermal parameterisation; range estimation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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