Impact of Employing Hybrid Nanofluids as Heat Carrier Fluid on the Thermal Performance of a Borehole Heat Exchanger

Hossein Javadi, Javier F. Urchueguia, Seyed Soheil Mousavi Ajarostaghi and Borja Badenes
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Hossein Javadi: Information and Communication Technologies versus Climate Change (ICTvsCC), Institute of Information and Communication Technologies (ITACA), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Javier F. Urchueguia: Information and Communication Technologies versus Climate Change (ICTvsCC), Institute of Information and Communication Technologies (ITACA), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Seyed Soheil Mousavi Ajarostaghi: Department of Energy Conversion, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol 47148-71167, Iran
Borja Badenes: Information and Communication Technologies versus Climate Change (ICTvsCC), Institute of Information and Communication Technologies (ITACA), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 10, 1-26

Abstract: In this numerical study, 4 types of hybrid nanofluid, including Ag-MgO/water, TiO 2 -Cu/water, Al 2 O 3 -CuO/water, and Fe 3 O 4 -multi-wall carbon nanotube/water, have been considered potential working fluid in a single U-tube borehole heat exchanger. The selected hybrid nanofluid is then analyzed by changing the volume fraction and the Reynolds number. Based on the numerical results, Ag-MgO/water hybrid nanofluid is chosen as the most favorable heat carrier fluid, among others, considering its superior effectiveness, minor pressure drop, and appropriate thermal resistance compared to the pure water. Moreover, it was indicated that all cases of Ag-MgO/water hybrid nanofluid at various volume fractions (from 0.05 to 0.20) and Reynolds numbers (from 3200 to 6200) could achieve better effectiveness and lower thermal resistances, but higher pressure drops compared to the corresponding cases of pure water. Nevertheless, all the evaluated hybrid nanofluids present lower coefficient of performance (COP)-improvement than unity which means that applying them as working fluid is not economically viable because of having higher pressure drop than the heat transfer enhancement.

Keywords: borehole heat exchanger; hybrid nanofluid; numerical modeling; thermal resistance; pressure drop; effectiveness (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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