Inhomogeneities and Cell-to-Cell Variations in Lithium-Ion Batteries, a Review

David Beck, Philipp Dechent, Mark Junker, Dirk Uwe Sauer and Matthieu Dubarry
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David Beck: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1680 East West Road, POST109, Honolulu, HI 96815, USA
Philipp Dechent: Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives (ISEA), RWTH Aachen University, 52066 Aachen, Germany
Mark Junker: Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives (ISEA), RWTH Aachen University, 52066 Aachen, Germany
Dirk Uwe Sauer: Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives (ISEA), RWTH Aachen University, 52066 Aachen, Germany
Matthieu Dubarry: Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1680 East West Road, POST109, Honolulu, HI 96815, USA

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 11, 1-25

Abstract: Battery degradation is a fundamental concern in battery research, with the biggest challenge being to maintain performance and safety upon usage. From the microstructure of the materials to the design of the cell connectors in modules and their assembly in packs, it is impossible to achieve perfect reproducibility. Small manufacturing or environmental variations will compound big repercussions on pack performance and reliability. This review covers the origins of cell-to-cell variations and inhomogeneities on a multiscale level, their impact on electrochemical performance, as well as their characterization and tracking methods, ranging from the use of large-scale equipment to in operando studies.

Keywords: lithium-ion; cell-to-cell variation; inhomogeneities; electrode production; cell assembly; post-mortem; material characterization; electrical testing; capacity distribution; aging (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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