Harmonic Effects Due to the High Penetration of Photovoltaic Generation into a Distribution System

Jorge Luiz Moreira Pereira, Adonis Ferreira Raiol Leal, Gabriel Oliveira de Almeida and Maria Emília de Lima Tostes
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Jorge Luiz Moreira Pereira: Department of Engineering—Protection and Control, Eletrobras-Eletronorte System-OTLPV, Barcarena 68445-000, PA, Brazil
Adonis Ferreira Raiol Leal: Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
Gabriel Oliveira de Almeida: Department of Project Engineering and Installation, Company Sansol Engineering, Belém 66053-360, PA, Brazil
Maria Emília de Lima Tostes: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 13, 1-25

Abstract: The growth in global electricity demand has expanded the search for new energy resources. Renewable sources such as photovoltaic (PV) systems have proven to be major alternatives. PV generators connected to distribution grids have exhibited significant growth in the last decade, so it is essential to analyse the impacts resulting from this increase. This work investigated the influence of high PV system penetration in distribution grids in terms of harmonic levels. In particular, this study addressed the distortions in voltage and current waveforms in the presence and absence of PV generators connected to a distribution grid. Additionally, the total harmonic content and the individual harmonic frequencies of voltage and current were analysed. This study was performed with an IEEE 37 bus distribution system and the Open Distribution System Simulator software (OpenDSS). The results show that the voltage limits of some phases far away from a substation can exceed the limits. Furthermore, the total harmonic distortion (THD) and individual harmonic distortion (IHD) levels for voltage and current were significantly high for harmonics of the 3rd, 5th, and 7th orders, where current levels violate the standard levels.

Keywords: energy; distribution; grid connected; generation; photovoltaic insertion (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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