Techno-Economic Planning and Operation of the Microgrid Considering Real-Time Pricing Demand Response Program

Zi-Xuan Yu, Meng-Shi Li, Yi-Peng Xu, Sheraz Aslam and Yuan-Kang Li
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Zi-Xuan Yu: School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
Meng-Shi Li: School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
Yi-Peng Xu: School of Mathematical Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
Sheraz Aslam: Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, and Informatics, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, Cyprus
Yuan-Kang Li: School of Mathematical Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 15, 1-28

Abstract: The optimal planning of grid-connected microgrids (MGs) has been extensively studied in recent years. While most of the previous studies have used fixed or time-of-use (TOU) prices for the optimal sizing of MGs, this work introduces real-time pricing (RTP) for implementing a demand response (DR) program according to the national grid prices of Iran. In addition to the long-term planning of MG, the day-ahead operation of MG is also analyzed to get a better understanding of the DR program for daily electricity dispatch. For this purpose, four different days corresponding to the four seasons are selected for further analysis. In addition, various impacts of the proposed DR program on the MG planning results, including sizing and best configuration, net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE), and emission generation by the utility grid, are investigated. The optimization results show that the implementation of the DR program has a positive impact on the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of MG. The NPC and COE are reduced by about USD 3700 and USD 0.0025/kWh, respectively. The component size is also reduced, resulting in a reduction in the initial cost. Carbon emissions are also reduced by 185 kg/year.

Keywords: optimal planning; renewable energy sources; demand response program; carbon emissions (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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