Production of Negative-Emissions Steel Using a Reducing Gas Derived from DFB Gasification

Sébastien Pissot, Henrik Thunman, Peter Samuelsson and Martin Seemann
Additional contact information
Sébastien Pissot: Department of Space, Earth, and Environment, Division of Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
Henrik Thunman: Department of Space, Earth, and Environment, Division of Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
Peter Samuelsson: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
Martin Seemann: Department of Space, Earth, and Environment, Division of Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 16, 1-32

Abstract: A dual fluidized bed (DFB) gasification process is proposed to produce sustainable reducing gas for the direct reduction (DR) of iron ore. This novel steelmaking route is compared with the established process for DR, which is based on natural gas, and with the emerging DR technology using electrolysis-generated hydrogen as the reducing gas. The DFB-DR route is found to produce reducing gas that meets the requirement of the DR reactor, based on existing MIDREX plants, and which is produced with an energetic efficiency comparable with the natural gas route. The DFB-DR path is the only route considered that allows negative CO 2 emissions, enabling a 145% decrease in emissions relative to the traditional blast furnace–basic oxygen furnace (BF–BOF) route. A reducing gas cost between 45–60 EUR/MWh is obtained, which makes it competitive with the hydrogen route, but not the natural gas route. The cost estimation for liquid steel production shows that, in Sweden, the DFB-DR route cannot compete with the natural gas and BF–BOF routes without a cost associated with carbon emissions and a revenue attributed to negative emissions. When the cost and revenue are set as equal, the DFB-DR route becomes the most competitive for a carbon price >60 EUR/tCO 2 .

Keywords: gasification; DFB; DRI; iron reduction; steelmaking; negative emissions; chemical-looping gasification; biomass (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/16/4835/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/16/4835/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:16:p:4835-:d:610612

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().