Lithium-Ion Battery Operation, Degradation, and Aging Mechanism in Electric Vehicles: An Overview

Jia Guo, Yaqi Li, Kjeld Pedersen and Daniel-Ioan Stroe
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Jia Guo: Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
Yaqi Li: Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
Kjeld Pedersen: Department of Material Production, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
Daniel-Ioan Stroe: Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 17, 1-22

Abstract: Understanding the aging mechanism for lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) is crucial for optimizing the battery operation in real-life applications. This article gives a systematic description of the LiBs aging in real-life electric vehicle (EV) applications. First, the characteristics of the common EVs and the lithium-ion chemistries used in these applications are described. The battery operation in EVs is then classified into three modes: charging, standby, and driving, which are subsequently described. Finally, the aging behavior of LiBs in the actual charging, standby, and driving modes are reviewed, and the influence of different working conditions are considered. The degradation mechanisms of cathode, electrolyte, and anode during those processes are also discussed. Thus, a systematic analysis of the aging mechanisms of LiBs in real-life EV applications is achieved, providing practical guidance, methods to prolong the battery life for users, battery designers, vehicle manufacturers, and material recovery companies.

Keywords: lithium-ion battery; electric vehicles; aging mechanism; battery degradation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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