Energy Pathways for Future Norwegian Residential Building Areas

Natasa Nord, Yiyu Ding, Ola Skrautvol and Stian Fossmo Eliassen
Additional contact information
Natasa Nord: Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondeheim, Norway
Yiyu Ding: Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondeheim, Norway
Ola Skrautvol: Erichsen & Horgen AS, 0484 Oslo, Norway
Stian Fossmo Eliassen: Norconsult AS, 8003 Bodø, Norway

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 4, 1-21

Abstract: Owing to stricter building energy requirements, future buildings will be characterized by low base loads and occasional high peaks. However, future building areas will still contain existing and historical buildings with high energy demand. Meanwhile, there is a requirement that future building areas should obtain energy from renewable energy sources, while existing buildings need to be transited to renewables. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop an approach for modelling energy pathways for future Norwegian residential building areas by analyzing different energy supply systems. Several calculation methods were combined: building simulation, energy supply technology simulation, heat demand aggregation, and data post-processing. The results showed that the energy pathways would be very dependent on CO 2 -factors for energy sources, and it is hard to predict accurate CO 2 -factors. An increasing housing stock development would slightly increase the CO 2 emissions towards 2050, although the new buildings used much less energy and the existing buildings underwent renovation. A constant housing stock would yield a 22–27% reduction of CO 2 emissions by 2050. This showed that implementing stricter building codes had a lower impact on the total CO 2 emissions than CO 2 -factors and energy technologies. The focus should lie on energy supply systems.

Keywords: energy planning; building stock; residential buildings; energy supply; building requirements (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/4/934/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/4/934/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:934-:d:497146

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().