Biomass Gasification in Downdraft Gasifiers: A Technical Review on Production, Up-Gradation and Application of Synthesis Gas

Pulla Rose Havilah, Amit Kumar Sharma, Gopalakrishnan Govindasamy, Leonidas Matsakas and Alok Patel
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Pulla Rose Havilah: Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, India
Amit Kumar Sharma: Department of Chemistry, Centre for Alternate and Renewable Energy Research, R & D, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, India
Gopalakrishnan Govindasamy: Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, India
Leonidas Matsakas: Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
Alok Patel: Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 11, 1-19

Abstract: Rapid climate change and forecasted damage from fossil fuel combustion, forced researchers to investigate renewable and clean energy sources for the sustainable development of societies throughout the world. Biomass-based energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources for meeting daily energy needs, which are gaining in popularity daily. Gasification-based bioenergy production is an effective way to replace fossil fuels and reduce CO 2 emissions. Even though biomass gasification has been studied extensively, there is still much opportunity for improvement in terms of high-quality syngas generation (high H 2 /CO ratio) and reduced tar formation. Furthermore, the presence of tar has a considerable impact on syngas quality. Downdraft gasifiers have recently shown a significant potential for producing high-quality syngas with lower tar concentrations. This article presents a comprehensive review on the advancement in biomass downdraft gasification technologies for high-quality synthesis gas. In addition, factors affecting syngas production and composition e.g., equivalency ratio, temperature, particle size, and gasification medium on synthesis gas generation are also comprehensively studied. The up-gradation and various applications of synthesis gas are also discussed in brief in this review article.

Keywords: downdraft gasification; biomass; synthesis gas; biochar (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (8)

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