Deployment of Fuel Cell Vehicles and Hydrogen Refueling Station Infrastructure: A Global Overview and Perspectives

Remzi Can Samsun, Michael Rex, Laurent Antoni and Detlef Stolten
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Remzi Can Samsun: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, IEK-14—Electrochemical Process Engineering, 52425 Jülich, Germany
Michael Rex: Advanced Fuel Cells Technology Collaboration Programme Secretariat, 45886 Gelsenkirchen, Germany
Laurent Antoni: Commissariat à L’energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives—CEA-Liten, CEDEX 9, 38054 Grenoble, France
Detlef Stolten: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, IEK-3—Techno-Economic Systems Analysis, 52425 Jülich, Germany

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 14, 1-34

Abstract: Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles can complement other electric vehicle technologies as a zero-emission technology and contribute to global efforts to achieve the emission reduction targets. This article spotlights the current deployment status of fuel cells in road transport. For this purpose, data collection was performed by the Advanced Fuel Cells Technology Collaboration Programme. Moreover, the available incentives for purchasing a fuel cell vehicle in different countries were reviewed and future perspectives summarized. Based on the collected information, the development trends in the last five years were analyzed and possible further trends that could see the realization of the defined goals derived. The number of registered vehicles was estimated to be 51,437 units, with South Korea leading the market, with 90% of the vehicles being concentrated in four countries. A total of 729 hydrogen refueling stations were in operation, with Japan having the highest number of these. The analysis results clearly indicate a very positive development trend for fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen refueling stations in 2021, with the highest number of new vehicles and stations in a single year, paralleling the year’s overall economic recovery. Yet, a more ambitious ramp-up in the coming years is required to achieve the set targets.

Keywords: fuel cell bus; fuel cell truck; fuel cell–electric vehicle; heavy-duty vehicle; hydrogen; hydrogen refueling station; light commercial vehicle; light-duty vehicle; PEM fuel cell; zero-emission vehicle (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (14)

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