Solar-Driven Sorption System for Seasonal Heat Storage under Optimal Control: Study for Different Climatic Zones

Alicia Crespo, Cèsar Fernández, Alvaro de Gracia and Andrea Frazzica
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Alicia Crespo: GREiA Research Group, University of Lleida, Pere de Cabrera s/n, 25001 Lleida, Spain
Cèsar Fernández: GREiA Research Group, University of Lleida, Pere de Cabrera s/n, 25001 Lleida, Spain
Alvaro de Gracia: IT4S Research Group, Universitat de Lleida, Pere de Cabrera s/n, 25001 Lleida, Spain
Andrea Frazzica: Institito di Tecnologie Avanzate per l’Energia “Nicola Giordano”, CNR-ITAE, 98126 Messina, Italy

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 15, 1-23

Abstract: Solar thermal energy coupled to a seasonal sorption storage system stands as an alternative to fossil fuels to supply residential thermal energy demand in climates where solar energy availability is high in summer and low in winter, matching with a high space heating demand. Sorption storage systems usually have a high dependency on weather conditions (ambient temperature and solar irradiation). Therefore, in this study, the technical performance of a solar-driven seasonal sorption storage system, using an innovative composite sorbent and water as working fluid, was studied under three European climates, represented by: Paris, Munich, and Stockholm. All scenarios analyses were simulation-based under optimal system control, which allowed to maximize the system competitiveness by minimizing the system operational costs. The optimal scenarios profit from just 91, 82 and 76% of the total sorption system capacity, for Paris, Munich, and Stockholm, respectively. That means that an optimal control can identify the optimal sorption storage size for each location and avoid oversizing in future systems, which furthermore involves higher investment costs. The best coefficient of performance was obtained for Stockholm (0.31), despite having the coldest climate. The sorption system was able to work at minimum temperatures of −15 °C, showing independence from ambient temperature during its discharge. In conclusion, a seasonal sorption system based on selective water materials is suitable to be integrated into a single-family house in climates of central and northern Europe as long as an optimal control based on weather conditions, thermal demand, and system state is considered.

Keywords: water-based sorption storage; seasonal storage; simulations; control optimization; climatic zones (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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