A Review on Testing of Electrochemical Cells for Aging Models in BESS

Mehrshad Pakjoo, Luigi Piegari, Giuliano Rancilio, Silvia Colnago, Joseph Epoupa Mengou, Federico Bresciani, Giacomo Gorni, Stefano Mandelli and Marco Merlo ()
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Mehrshad Pakjoo: Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
Luigi Piegari: Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
Giuliano Rancilio: Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
Silvia Colnago: Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
Joseph Epoupa Mengou: Eni S.p.A., Renewable, New Energies, and Material Science Research Center, via Fauser 4, 28100 Novara, Italy
Federico Bresciani: Eni S.p.A., Renewable, New Energies, and Material Science Research Center, via Fauser 4, 28100 Novara, Italy
Giacomo Gorni: Eni S.p.A., via Maritano 26, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy
Stefano Mandelli: Eni Plenitude S.p.A., via Ripamonti 85, 20141 Milano, Italy
Marco Merlo: Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 19, 1-26

Abstract: The use of electrochemical cells is becoming more widespread, especially in the energy industry and battery energy storage systems (BESSs). As we continue to deploy BESSs, it becomes increasingly important for us to understand how these systems age and accurately predict their performance over time. This knowledge is essential for ensuring that the systems operate optimally and can be properly maintained. Since the structure of a BESS is different from a single electrochemical cell, the existing models at the cell level cannot predict and estimate the life of the BESS with suitable accuracy. Furthermore, the test protocols available at the cell level mostly cannot be executed at the BESS level for many reasons. Therefore, in this paper, a review of test protocols for building aging models for BESSs has been performed. After reviewing the protocols for a single electrochemical cell and addressing the differences between BESSs and cells, a review of the works performed on a larger scale has been carried out, and the possible ways for testing the BESS for aging models were investigated.

Keywords: BESS degradation test; storage system aging tests; battery degradation; BESS aging mechanisms (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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