Centralized vs. Decentralized Electric Grid Resilience Analysis Using Leontief’s Input–Output Model

Alain Aoun (), Mehdi Adda, Adrian Ilinca (), Mazen Ghandour and Hussein Ibrahim
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Alain Aoun: Département de Mathématiques, Informatique et Génie, Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
Mehdi Adda: Département de Mathématiques, Informatique et Génie, Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
Adrian Ilinca: Mechanical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure (ETS), Montréal, QC H3C 1K3, Canada
Mazen Ghandour: Faculty of Engineering, Lebanese University, Beirut 1003, Lebanon
Hussein Ibrahim: Centre National Intégré du Manufacturier Intelligent (CNIMI), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Drummondville, QC J2C 0R5, Canada

Energies, 2024, vol. 17, issue 6, 1-21

Abstract: Escalating events such as extreme weather conditions, geopolitical incidents, acts of war, cyberattacks, and the intermittence of renewable energy resources pose substantial challenges to the functionality of global electric grids. Consequently, research on enhancing the resilience of electric grids has become increasingly crucial. Concurrently, the decentralization of electric grids, driven by a heightened integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and the imperative for decarbonization, has brought about significant transformations in grid topologies. These changes can profoundly impact flexibility, operability, and reliability. However, there is a lack of research on the impact of DERs on the electric grid’s resilience, as well as a simple model to simulate the impact of any disturbance on the grid. Hence, to analyze the electric grid’s resilience, this study employs an extrapolation of Leontief’s input–output (IO) model, originally designed to study ripple effects in economic sectors. Nodes are treated as industries, and power transmission between nodes is considered as the relationship between industries. Our research compares operability changes in centralized, partially decentralized, and fully decentralized grids under identical fault conditions. Using grid inoperability as a key performance indicator (KPI), this study tests the three grid configurations under two fault scenarios. The results confirm the efficacy of decentralization in enhancing the resilience and security of electric grids.

Keywords: electric grid; resilience; centralized; decentralized; distributed energy resources; input–output model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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