Effects of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals on N-Containing Species Release during Rice Straw Pyrolysis

Pan Gao, Lu Xue, Qiang Lu and Changqing Dong
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Pan Gao: National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, 2 Beinong Road, Beijing 102206, China
Lu Xue: National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, 2 Beinong Road, Beijing 102206, China
Qiang Lu: National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, 2 Beinong Road, Beijing 102206, China
Changqing Dong: National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, 2 Beinong Road, Beijing 102206, China

Energies, 2015, vol. 8, issue 11, 1-12

Abstract: To study the effects of inherent and external alkali and alkaline earth metallic species (AAEMs, i.e. , K, Ca and Mg) on the behavior of N-containing species release during rice straw (RS) pyrolysis, different pretreatments were applied in numerous experiments. Results indicate that ammonia (NH 3 ) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) are the major N-containing species and that the yields of isocyanic acid (HNCO) and nitric oxide (NO) are relatively low. The removal of inhert AAEMs shifts N-containing species release to a high-temperature zone according to volatile release behavior because of the increase in activation energy. The formation selectivity of NH 3 , HNCO, and NO increases by demineralized pretreatment, whereas HCN selectivity decreases. The formation of HNCO is mainly affected by alkaline earth metal. N-containing species release occurs in low temperatures with the addition of external AAEMs. The activation energy of samples impregnated with CaCl 2 and MgCl 2 sharply decreases compared to the original RS. The total yields of N-containing species are reduced significantly in the presence of KCl, CaCl 2 , and MgCl 2 as additives. The inhibition ability of AAEMs follows the sequence MgCl 2 > CaCl 2 > KCl. The inhibition effect of MgCl 2 can be improved by solution immersion compared with solid powder mixing. The clean biomass pyrolysis and gasification technology with low N-containing species content may be developed according to the results.

Keywords: pyrolysis; N-containing species; alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs); formation selectivity; relative yield (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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