A Cell-in-the-Loop Approach to Systems Modelling and Simulation of Energy Storage Systems

James Marco, Neelu Kumari, W. Dhammika Widanage and Peter Jones
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James Marco: Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
Neelu Kumari: Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
W. Dhammika Widanage: Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
Peter Jones: School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK

Energies, 2015, vol. 8, issue 8, 1-19

Abstract: This research is aligned with the engineering challenge of scaling-up individual battery cells into a complete energy storage system (ESS). Manufacturing tolerances, coupled with thermal gradients and the differential electrical loading of adjacent cells, can result in significant variations in the rate of cell degradation, energy distribution and ESS performance. The uncertain transition from cell to system often manifests itself in over-engineered, non-optimal ESS designs within both the transport and energy sectors. To alleviate these issues, the authors propose a novel model-based framework for cell-in-the-loop simulation (CILS) in which a physical cell may be integrated within a complete model of an ESS and exercised against realistic electrical and thermal loads in real-time. This paper focuses on the electrical integration of both real and simulated cells within the CILS test environment. Validation of the CILS approach using real-world electric vehicle data is presented for an 18650 cell. The cell is integrated within a real-time simulation model of a series string of similar cells in a 4sp1 configuration. Results are presented that highlight the impact of cell variability ( i.e. , capacity and impedance) on the energy available from the multi-cell system and the useable capacity of the physical cell.

Keywords: battery management system; energy storage system (ESS); lithium-ion; hardware-in-the loop simulation (HILS); system verification; system test (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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