Application of a LiFePO 4 Battery Energy Storage System to Primary Frequency Control: Simulations and Experimental Results

Fabio Massimo Gatta, Alberto Geri, Regina Lamedica, Stefano Lauria, Marco Maccioni, Francesco Palone, Massimo Rebolini and Alessandro Ruvio
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Fabio Massimo Gatta: Department of Astronautics, Electric and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00184, Italy
Alberto Geri: Department of Astronautics, Electric and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00184, Italy
Regina Lamedica: Department of Astronautics, Electric and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00184, Italy
Stefano Lauria: Department of Astronautics, Electric and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00184, Italy
Marco Maccioni: Department of Astronautics, Electric and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00184, Italy
Francesco Palone: Terna S.p.A., Rome 00156, Italy
Massimo Rebolini: Terna S.p.A., Rome 00156, Italy
Alessandro Ruvio: Department of Astronautics, Electric and Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00184, Italy

Energies, 2016, vol. 9, issue 11, 1-16

Abstract: This paper presents an experimental application of LiFePO 4 battery energy storage systems (BESSs) to primary frequency control, currently being performed by Terna, the Italian transmission system operator (TSO). BESS performance in the primary frequency control role was evaluated by means of a simplified electrical-thermal circuit model, taking into account also the BESS auxiliary consumptions, coupled with a cycle-life model, in order to assess the expected life of the BESS. Numerical simulations have been carried out considering the system response to real frequency measurements taken in Italy, spanning a whole year; a parametric study taking into account different values of governor droop and of BESS charge/discharge rates ( C-rates ) was also performed. Simulations, fully validated by experimental results obtained thus far, evidenced a severe trade-off between expected lifetime and overall efficiency, which significantly restricts the choice of operating parameters for frequency control.

Keywords: battery energy storage system (BESS); LiFePO 4 battery; primary frequency control (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (13)

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