Assessment of Water Quality Profile Using Numerical Modeling Approach in Major Climate Classes of Asia

Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal, Muhammad Shoaib, Hafiz Umar Farid and Jung Lyul Lee
Additional contact information
Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal: Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si 2066, Korea
Muhammad Shoaib: Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si 2066, Korea
Hafiz Umar Farid: Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 66000, Pakistan
Jung Lyul Lee: Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si 2066, Korea

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 10, 1-26

Abstract: A river water quality spatial profile has a diverse pattern of variation over different climatic regions. To comprehend this phenomenon, our study evaluated the spatial scale variation of the Water Quality Index (WQI). The study was carried out over four main climatic classes in Asia based on the Koppen-Geiger climate classification system: tropical, temperate, cold, and arid. The one-dimensional surface water quality model, QUAL2Kw was selected and compared for water quality simulations. Calibration and validation were separately performed for the model predictions over different climate classes. The accuracy of the water quality model was assessed using different statistical analyses. The spatial profile of WQI was calculated using model predictions based on dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate (NO 3 ), and pH. The results showed that there is a smaller longitudinal variation of WQI in the cold climatic regions than other regions, which does not change the status of WQI. Streams from arid, temperate, and tropical climatic regions show a decreasing trend of DO with respect to the longitudinal profiles of main river flows. Since this study found that each climate zone has the different impact on DO dynamics such as reaeration rate, reoxygenation, and oxygen solubility. The outcomes obtained in this study are expected to provide the impetus for developing a strategy for the viable improvement of the water environment.

Keywords: Asia; water quality; climate classes; QUAL2Kw; WQI (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/10/2258/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/10/2258/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:10:p:2258-:d:175837

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().