Optimization Strategy of Traditional Block Form Based on Field Investigation—A Case Study of Xi’an Baxian’an, China

Wei Feng, Wei Ding, Yingdi Yin, Qixian Lin, Meng Zheng and Miaomiao Fei
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Wei Feng: School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Wei Ding: School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Yingdi Yin: School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Eurasia University, Xi’an 710065, China
Qixian Lin: School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Meng Zheng: Department of Architecture, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Miaomiao Fei: China Qiyuan Engineering Corporation, Xi’an 710018, China

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 20, 1-25

Abstract: Rapid urbanization has caused environmental problems such as the urban heat island and air pollution, which are unfavorable to residents. Urban traditional blocks are facing the dual challenges of restoration and protection. This paper proposes adaptive transformation strategies for improving the microclimate of traditional areas. We selected Baxian’an Block in Xi’an city, simulated the air temperature and wind speed during summer and winter using ENVI-met, and studied the correlationship between morphological parameters (average building height, building density, enclosure degree, height fall, aspect ratio, and sky view factor) and air temperature and wind speed ratio. The case study revealed that the wind speed ratio of Baxian’an is relatively different in summer, reaching a maximum of 0.61, meaning that the ventilation capacity is significantly affected by the architectural form of the block. Finally, suggestions for the optimal design of the block’s form are provided: the building density should be less than 50%, the average building height should be more than 50 m, the enclosure degree should be less than 0.2, the height fall should be more than 41.7 m, and the sky view factor should be less than 0.5. This study can provide data and support for improving the planning and design standards of traditional residential areas.

Keywords: microclimate; traditional block; block form; cold region (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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