Reactor Designs and Configurations for Biological and Bioelectrochemical C1 Gas Conversion: A Review

Azize Ayol, Luciana Peixoto, Tugba Keskin and Haris Nalakath Abubackar
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Azize Ayol: Department of Environmental Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir 35390, Turkey
Luciana Peixoto: Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
Tugba Keskin: Department of Environmental Protection Technologies, Izmir Democracy University, Izmir 35140, Turkey
Haris Nalakath Abubackar: Chemical Engineering Laboratory, BIOENGIN Group, Faculty of Sciences and Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-36

Abstract: Microbial C1 gas conversion technologies have developed into a potentially promising technology for converting waste gases (CO 2 , CO) into chemicals, fuels, and other materials. However, the mass transfer constraint of these poorly soluble substrates to microorganisms is an important challenge to maximize the efficiencies of the processes. These technologies have attracted significant scientific interest in recent years, and many reactor designs have been explored. Syngas fermentation and hydrogenotrophic methanation use molecular hydrogen as an electron donor. Furthermore, the sequestration of CO 2 and the generation of valuable chemicals through the application of a biocathode in bioelectrochemical cells have been evaluated for their great potential to contribute to sustainability. Through a process termed microbial chain elongation, the product portfolio from C1 gas conversion may be expanded further by carefully driving microorganisms to perform acetogenesis, solventogenesis, and reverse ?-oxidation. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the various kinds of bioreactors that are employed in these microbial C1 conversion processes.

Keywords: syngas fermentation; microbial chain elongation; hydrogenotrophic methanation; bioreactors; electromethanogenesis; microbial electrosynthesis; biofilm; gas–liquid mass transfer; biocathode (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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