Evaluation of the Ecological Effects of Ecological Restoration Programs: A Case Study of the Sloping Land Conversion Program on the Loess Plateau, China

Yuanjie Deng, Lei Jia, Yajun Guo, Hua Li, Shunbo Yao, Liqi Chu, Weinan Lu, Mengyang Hou, Binbin Mo, Yameng Wang, Haiyu Yang and Tongyue Zhang
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Yuanjie Deng: College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Lei Jia: College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Yajun Guo: College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Hua Li: College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Shunbo Yao: College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Liqi Chu: College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Weinan Lu: College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Mengyang Hou: School of Economics, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
Binbin Mo: College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Yameng Wang: College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Haiyu Yang: College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Tongyue Zhang: College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 13, 1-20

Abstract: The Sloping Land Conversion Program (SLCP) is the largest ecological restoration program in the world. Evaluating the ecological effects of the SLCP not only provides a scientific basis for China to improve the SLCP but also provides a reference for other countries in the world to evaluate the ecological effects of ecological restoration programs being implemented or to be implemented. To this end, we took the Loess Plateau, the core area for the implementation of the SLCP, as an example and, based on multi-source remote sensing data and GIS technology, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological effects of the implementation of the SLCP on the Loess Plateau. The results showed that, first, from 2000 to 2018, a total of 12,372.05 km 2 of cultivated land was converted into forest land and grassland on the Loess Plateau, and this contributed to an increase in vegetation cover from 45.09% in 2000 to 64.15% in 2018, and a decrease in the soil erosion modulus from 26.41 t·hm −2 ·yr −1 in 2000 to 17.92 t·hm −2 ·yr −1 in 2018. Second, the 6–25° slope range is the core area of the Loess Plateau for implementation of the SLCP. In this range, the area of cultivated land converted into forest land and grassland accounts for 60.16% of the total area of transferred cultivated land. As a result, the 6–25° slope range has become the most significant area for improving vegetation cover and reducing the soil erosion intensity, and it is mainly concentrated in the southwestern, central and central-eastern hilly and gully areas of the Loess Plateau. Third, from 2000 to 2018, the climate of the Loess Plateau tended to be warm and humid and was conducive to the implementation of the SLCP. Among these factors, precipitation is the dominant factor in determining the spatial distribution of vegetation on the Loess Plateau, and the increase in precipitation is also the main reason for the promotion of vegetation growth. Fourthly, from 2000 to 2018, the ecological environment of the Loess Plateau was significantly improved as a result of the combined effects of the implementation of the SLCP and climate warming and humidification, but the primary reason is still the implementation of the SLCP.

Keywords: ecological restoration programs; ecological effects; Loess Plateau; Sloping Land Conversion Program (SLCP) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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