Adherence to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Portuguese-Speaking Countries

Alvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa (), Shirley Veronica Melo Almeida Lima, Caíque Jordan Nunes Ribeiro, Anderson Reis de Sousa, Nilo Manoel Pereira Vieira Barreto, Emerson Lucas Silva Camargo, Agostinho Antônio Cruz Araújo, Allan Dantas dos Santos, Márcio Bezerra-Santos, Mariana dos Reis Fortunato, Matheus Arantes Possani, Adriano José dos Santos, João Lucas Tavares de Lima, Elucir Gir, Inês Fronteira and Isabel Amélia Costa Mendes
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Alvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa: Hospital Sírio-Libânes, Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, São Paulo 01308-050, São Paulo, Brazil
Shirley Veronica Melo Almeida Lima: Collective Health Research Center, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto 49400-000, Sergipe, Brazil
Caíque Jordan Nunes Ribeiro: Graduate Program in Nursing, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil
Anderson Reis de Sousa: Graduate Program in Nursing and Health of the Nursing School, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Bahia, Brazil
Nilo Manoel Pereira Vieira Barreto: Graduate Program in Nursing and Health of the Nursing School, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, Bahia, Brazil
Emerson Lucas Silva Camargo: Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, São Paulo, Brazil
Agostinho Antônio Cruz Araújo: Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, São Paulo, Brazil
Allan Dantas dos Santos: Collective Health Research Center, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto 49400-000, Sergipe, Brazil
Márcio Bezerra-Santos: Medical and Nursing Science Center, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Arapiraca 57309-005, Alagoas, Brazil
Mariana dos Reis Fortunato: Medical School, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-180, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Matheus Arantes Possani: Medical School, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-180, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Adriano José dos Santos: Collective Health Research Center, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto 49400-000, Sergipe, Brazil
João Lucas Tavares de Lima: Graduate Program in Nursing, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil
Elucir Gir: Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, São Paulo, Brazil
Inês Fronteira: Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
Isabel Amélia Costa Mendes: Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, São Paulo, Brazil

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 6, 1-16

Abstract: Strengthening strategies to improve adherence to the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in key populations constitutes a global health priority to be achieved across countries, especially in countries that share a high flow of people such as Brazil and Portugal. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with adherence to PrEP among MSM from two Portuguese-speaking countries, highlighting the opportunities and preventive strategies for the global health scenario. This was a cross-sectional analytical online survey conducted from January 2020 to May 2021 with MSM in Brazil and Portugal. For analysis of the data, the Poisson regression model was used to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) for developing a model to evaluate the associated factors in both countries in a comparative and isolated way. Adherence to PrEP use corresponded to 19.5% ( n = 1682) of the overall sample: 18.3% ( n = 970) for Brazil and 21.5% ( n = 712) for Portugal. Having more than two sex partners in the last 30 days (aPR: 30.87) and routinely undergoing HIV tests (aPR: 26.21) increased the use of this medication. Being an immigrant (PR: 1.36) and knowing the partner’s serological status (PR: 1.28) increased adherence to PrEP in Portugal, whereas, in Brazil, it was being an immigrant (PR: 0.83) and not knowing the serological status (PR: 2.24) that promoted the use of this medication. Our findings reinforce the need to invest in programs and strategies to improve access and adherence to PrEP, especially in key populations.

Keywords: HIV; MSM; pre-exposure prophylaxis; sexual behavior; Brazil; Portugal; global health (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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