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STO vs. ICO: A Theory of Token Issues under Moral Hazard and Demand Uncertainty

Anton Miglo

JRFM, 2021, vol. 14, issue 6, 1-35

Abstract: This paper considers a financing problem for an innovative firm that is launching a web-based platform. The entrepreneur, on one hand, faces a large degree of demand uncertainty on his product and on the other hand has to deal with incentive problems of professional blockchain participants who contribute to the development and sales of the product. We argue that hybrid tokens can be a better option for the firm compared to straight utility tokens or security tokens because they help the firm better deal with both the moral hazard problems (via profit sharing incentives) and demand uncertainty (they help the firm learn the market demand for the product). This finding is consistent with some recent evidence. The paper also generates new predictions regarding the effect of different variables on the choice of financing method that have not yet been tested.

Keywords: entrepreneurial finance; blockchain; initial coin offering; security token offering; moral hazard; demand uncertainty; FinTech (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C E F2 F3 G (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (8)

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Working Paper: STO vs ICO: A Theory of Token Issues Under Moral Hazard and Demand Uncertainty (2020) Downloads
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