The Effects of Management (Tillage, Fertilization, Plant Density) on Soybean Yield and Quality in a Three-Year Experiment under Transylvanian Plain Climate Conditions

Felicia Chețan, Cornel Chețan, Ileana Bogdan, Adrian Ioan Pop, Paula Ioana Moraru and Teodor Rusu
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Felicia Chețan: Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda, Agriculturii Street 27, 401100 Turda, Romania
Cornel Chețan: Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda, Agriculturii Street 27, 401100 Turda, Romania
Ileana Bogdan: Department of Technical and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Adrian Ioan Pop: Department of Technical and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Paula Ioana Moraru: Department of Technical and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Teodor Rusu: Department of Technical and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Land, 2021, vol. 10, issue 2, 1-13

Abstract: The regional agroecological conditions, specific to the Transylvanian Plain, are favorable to soybean crops, but microclimate changes related to global warming have imposed the need for agrotechnical adaptive measures in order to maintain the level of soybean yield. In this study, we consider the effect of two soil tillage systems, the seeding rate, as well as the fertilizer dosage and time of application on the yield and quality of soybean crops. A multifactorial experiment was carried out through the A × B × C × D ? R: 3 × 2 × 3 × 3 ? 2 formula, where A represents the year (a1, 2017; a2, 2018; and a3, 2019); B represents the soil tillage system (b1, conventional tillage with mouldboard plough; b2, reduced tillage with chisel cultivator); C represents the fertilizer variants (c1, unfertilized; c2, one single rate of fertilization: 40 kg ha ?1 of nitrogen + 40 kg ha ?1 of phosphorus; and c3, two rates of fertilization: 40 kg ha ?1 of nitrogen + 40 kg ha ?1 of phosphorus (at sowing) + 46 kg ha ?1 of nitrogen at V3 stage); D represents the seeding rate (1 = 45 germinating grains (gg) m ?2 ; d2 = 55 gg m ?2 ; and d3 = 65 gg m ?2 ); and R represents the replicates (r1 = the first and r2 = the second). Tillage had no effect, the climate specific of the years and fertilization affected the yield and the quality parameters. Regarding the soybean yield, it reacted favorably to a higher seeding rate (55–65 gg m ?2 ) and two rates of fertilization. The qualitative characteristics of soybeans are affected by the fertilization rates applied to the crop, which influence the protein and fiber content in the soybean grains. Higher values of protein content were recorded with a reduced tillage system, i.e., 38.90 g kg ?1 DM in the variant with one single rate of fertilization at a seeding rate of 45 gg per m ?2 and 38.72 g kg ?1 DM in the variant with two fertilizations at a seeding rate of 65 gg m ?2 .

Keywords: soybean; tillage system; fertilization; seeding rate; yield; quality (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q15 Q2 Q24 Q28 Q5 R14 R52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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